A.
achuete, atswete -bixa orellana, annato seed; also called lipstick plant
adobo - a dish of meat, seafood or vegetables cooked in vinegar and spices
adobado - cooked in vinegar and spices
agahan - breakfast
agkud - (Manobo) a liquor made from rice, corn, cassava or sorghum
alak - the generic Tagalog term for liquor or wine
alibangbang - bauhinia malabarica, butterfly-shaped leaves from a tree used for souring
alimango - mud crab
alimasag - blue crab
alugbati - bassela alba, Ceylon spinach
ampalaya - momordica charantia, bittermelon or bitter gourd
anonas - annona reticulata, custard apple, bullock heart
apa - wafer, also cone for ice cream
apahap - lates calcarifer, silver sea bass
arroz caldo - rice gruel cooked with chicken, often flavored with kasubha
ayungin -datnia plumbea, silver perch
B.
bacalao (a la Vizcania) - (Spanish) salted codfish cooked in the style of Biscayne
balbakwa - in Luzon, salted fish; in Mindanao, a meat stew
bag-o -(Waray) tuba newly taken from the coconut
bagoong - salted, fermented fish or shrimp paste/sauce
bahal, bahalina - fermented tuba weeks, months, or years old
bakuli -ophicephalus striatus, murray fingerling
balut,balut sa puti -a fertilized duck's egg 16-19 days old, balut sa puti is still wrapped in white membrane and thus literally "wrapped in white", which is what the phrase means
banak - family magulidae, mullet
bangus -chanos chanos, milk fish
baon -a food package from home taken to work or school
barilis -(Davao Bisayan) neothunnus macropterus, yellowfin tuna
batsoy -a dish of pork internal organs in broth
batuan -garcinia morella, a small sour green fruit with a large seed
baya -high-grade rice wine (tapuy) from the Cordillera
baye-baye -(Ilonggo) a snack made of pinipig (young rice, pounded) and young coconut
beche-de-mer - (French) sea slug, trepang, sea cucumber
betute -(Pampango) a dish of stuffed frog
bia, biya -family gobiidae, goby
bibingka - a rice cake often garnished with salted eggs and carabao (water buffalo) milk cheese
bignay -antidesma bunius, Chinese laurel
binubudan - (Ilokano) yeast for rice wine
binuro - (Ilonggo) fish salted in layers
bodbod - (Cebuano) glutinous rice cooked iwth coconut milk and wrapped in banana leaf
brazo de mercedes - a meringue roll with an egg filling
buan-buan - megalops cyprinoides, tarpon
bukayo -a sweet made from mature coconut
bulalo -kneecap; a dish of this and other beef bones and meats boiled with vegetables
buñuelos de viento - (Spanish) wind puff, a pastry served with syrup
burong isda - fish fermented with rice
buwad - (Cebuano) dried salted fish
C.
cadera - (Spanish) sirloin
caldero - (Spanish) cooking pot
caldereta - (Spanish) goat stew
callos con garbanzos - (Spanish) tripe cooked with chick peas
camaron rebozado - (Spanish) batter-fried shrimp, a Chinese dish
camote - ipomoea batatas, sweet potato
canonigo - (Spanish) a dessert of meringue with an egg-butter sauce
carajay - a native frying pan with a rounded bottom, a wok
champurrado - a dish of rice cooked with chocolate
chicharron - crackling made from pork, beef, or carabao skin
chorizo - (Spanish) sausage
churros - (Spanish) fluted breakfast crullers usually taken with chocolate
cocido - (Spanish) a stew of mixed meats, sausages, and vegetables
D.
dahon bawang - the leaves of the garlic plant, allium sativum
daing -fish split open, salted, and dried
dalag -ophicephalus striatus, murrel
de recado - (Spanish) spiced; in the Philippines, it refers to spicy sausages
dikin - the woven rattan ring on which the round-bottomed palayok is set to stand
dilao, dilaw - curcuma domestica, turmeric
dinuguan at puto - a dish of blood stew with steamed rice cakes
dulang - a low table, formerly for dining
E.
embutido - Spanish) a ground pork roll
ensaimada -(Spanish) a brioche-like roll that is buttered, sugared, and cheese-sprinkled
escabeche -(Spanish) fish cooked with vinegar, garlic, onions, and ginger
G.
gabi -colocasia esculenta, taro root
galletas -(Spanish) very thin biscuits
gata' coconut milk
ginataan -cooked in coconut milk; the dishes so cooked
guisa, mag-guisa -to sauté
guisar - (Spanish) to sautè
H.
halabos -to steam shrimps or prawns in their own juice
halo-halo -a mixture of sweetened beans and fruits topped with crushed ice or ice cream; a refresher served in a tall glass
hamonado -ham-cured; usually referring to sausages
hapunan -supper, dinner
hibe -small shrimps, peeled and dried
hipon at kasuy -shrimps cooked with cashew nuts
hojaldres -(Spanish) a thin pastry, sometimes of puff paste
humba -a dish of stewed pork
I.
inday-inday -(Ilonggo) a snack made of glutinous rice and coconut
inihaw -roasted, charcoal-broiled or grilled
inihaw na panga -roasted or charcoal-broiled jaw of yellowfin tuna
inuman -a drinking session
inumin -a drink (could be plain water, soda, beer, juice, wine) taken together with a meal
inun-unan -(Cebuano) fish cooked in vinegar; in Tagalog, paksiw
itlog -egg
J.
jamon -(Spanish) ham
jamon en dulce -(Spnaish) ham cooked in and/or coated or glazed with sugar
jamonado -(Spanish) ham-cured
K.
kadyos -cadjanus cadjan, pigeon pea
kakang gata - coconut cream
kakanin - snacks, light cakes, usually made of rice
kalan - a clay stove for wood or charcoal fuel
kamaru -(Pampango) mole cricket
kamayan -eating with hands instead of Western utensils (see comic strip below)
kanduli - family ariidae, sea catfish
kangkong - ipomoea aquatica, swamp cabbage, also called potato vine
kaong -the fruit of a sugar palm
kari - pre-cooked food
kari-kari - stew of ox tail/feet/tripe with vegetables and a sauce thickened with ground roasted peanuts and rice
karihan - an eatery selling pre-cooked food
karinderia - an eatery selling pre-cooked food
kasim -lean pork, picnic
kasubha -the dried stigmas of a plant, used for coloring and flavoring food; a kind of saffron
kasuy -anacardium occidentale, cashew
katuray -sesbania grandiflora, a white flower used in salads
kawa -a vat used for cooking large amounts of food
kesong puti -literally "white cheese", a cottage cheese made of carabao's (water buffalo) milk
kinchay -apium graveolens, Chinese celery
kinilaw- a dish of fish, seafood, meat or vegetables dressed with vinegar or lime juice, but not cooked over fire
kiping -a rice wafer used for decoration in Lucban and other towns in Quezon
kolis -pisonia alba, lettuce tree, also called maluko in Tagalog
kulitis -amarnthus viridis, slender amaranth
kundol -benicasa hispida, wax gourd
kutsay -allium odorum, Chinese chives
kutsinta -a little cake made of steamed mixture of sugar, rice, lye
L.
laksoyliquor distilled form the sap of a nipa palm
lakub -the bamboo tube attacked to the coconut bud to catch the sap for tuba
lambanog -liquor distilled from the sap of coconut palm
langkawas -galingale, galenggal
lapu-lapu -family serranidae, grouper
laswa -(Ilonggo) a dish of mixed leafy, pod and fruit vegetables steamed with bagoong and dried shrimps
lawot-lawot -(Waray) a dish of mixed leafy, pod, and fruit vegetables
leche flan -(Spanish) milk custard; creme caramel
lechon, letson -(Spanish) pig; in the Philippines, split-roasted pig
lechon manok -chicken roasted on a split
lengua estofada -(Spanish) stewed ox tongue
liempo -pork belly
lina -(Ilonggo) newly-gathered tuba
lomi -wide noodles in broth
lomo -(Spanish) beef loin
longaniza -(Spanish) long sausage
lugaw -rice porridge or gruel
lumpiaChinese-style eggroll; meat and/or vegetables wrapped in thin crepe
M.
mameng, maming - family labridae, wrasse
mami -a dish of noodles, chicken or beef, and broth
manamis-namis -(adjective) mildly sweet, not the sweetness of sugar but of freshness
marang -artocarpus odoratissima, a large aromatic fruit containing segements each enclosing a seed
mazapan- Spanish) marzipan
mechado - (Spanish) beef cooked with pork lardoons
menudo - a stew dish of diced pork, chicken, sausage, potatoes, carrots, peas, and tomato sauce usually eaten with rice on the side
merienda - mid-afternoon snack
merienda-cena -a late afternoon meal; an early supper or dinner
minoron - a snack of glutinous rice cooked with a streak of chocolate
miso - soybean cake or mash
mole -(Spanish) a Mexican dish of chicken cooked with peanuts
morisqueta tostada -(Spanish) rice fried with vegetables and other condiments
munggo -phaseolus aureus, green mung bean
musang -civet cat
mustasa - brassica juncea v. integrifola, mustard greens
N
nata de coco -a sweet made by growing a culture on coconut water
nilaga -boiled; a dish of boiled beef, or pork, or chicken, and vegetables
P
paella- (Spanish) a dish of rice cooked with meats and/or seafood and vegetables
pako -arthyrium esculentum, edible fern
paksiw -a dish cooked in vinegar and garlic
paksiw na pata -pork trotters cooked in vinegar
palay -unhusked rice
palayok -a round-bottomed clay pot
palitaw -small cakes made from glutinous rice
pan de sal, de limon, de coco, de leche, americano (Spanish) bread respectively with salt, lemon, coconut, and milk; sliced loaf bread
pandan- pandanus odoratissimus, screw pine
panga -literally jaw; the jaw of yellowfin tuna
panghimagas -dessert; a sweet taken after meals
pancit, pansit - a dish of noodles and shrimps, fish, meat, or vegetables, with many variations, e.g., luglog (shaken in hot water, flavored with sauce), molo (with pork-filled wontons and broth), Malabon (with shrimps, oysters, and squid), habhab (eaten off a banana leaf), Canton (with egg noodles), bihon (with rice noodles), buko (with coconut strips instead of noodles)
pansit-pansitan -peperomia pellucida, a scculent herb, the leaves of which have medicinal properties
pantulak, panulak - literally "for pushing"; refers to drinks, which "push" the pulutan down
pastel de pollo -(Spanish) a chicken pie; a dish of chicken with crust
pastillas -Spanish) pastilles; usually pastillas de leche, sweets made of milk
pata tim -a Chinese dish of stewed pork leg
patis -fish sauce
patola -luffa cylindrica, sponge gourd
patupat - (Ilokano) a rice cake wrapped in banana leaf
pavo embuchado - - (Spanish) stuffed turkey
pesa,
Pesang manok - a dish of fish or chicken cooked with vegetables, often served with a miso sauce
pescado en salsa agrio-dulce- (Spanish) fish in a sweet and sour sauce
petsay - brassica chinesis, pakchoy, bokchoy
pili -canarium ovatum, a hard nut indigenous to the Philippines, with an oil-rich kernel
pimientos morrones - (Spanish) red bell peppers
pinais -a dish native to Quezon province, of shrimps and coconut wrapped in banana leaf and steamed in coconut water
pinakbet -a dish of Ilokano origin, of ampalaya, okra, eggplants, and tomatoes steamed with fish bagoong
pinamalhan -(Ilonggo) fish cooked in vinegar, which is allowed to evaporate
pinapaitan -(Ilokano) a dish of goat meat with goat bile
pinaupong manok -chicken steamed in a bed of salt
pochero - (Spanish) a stew of mixed meats, sausages and vegetables with tomatoes
polvoron - sweet of powdery texture made of powdered milk and sugar
postre -(Spanish) dessert
puchero - a native stew of meat, sausage and vegetables with an eggplant relish
pulutan - any cooked dish (meat, chicken, pork, seafood) taken with beer, wine, liquor during a drinking session; could also be nuts; a pulutuan is similar to Spanish tapas-tapas
punta y pecho -(Spanish) beef brisket
pusu - rice cooked in a fist-sized woven-leaf basket; "travelling" or "hanging" rice
puto -steamed rice cake
puto bumbong -a cylindrical cake of violet rice (pirurutung) steamed upright in a bamboo tube
Q
queso de bola -Edam ball cheese
R
relleno -(Spanish) stuffed food, dish
rellenong alimasag -crab sauteed and stuffed into the crab shell
rellenong manok stuffed chicken
rellenong bangus -milkfish stuffed with its own flesh that has been sauteed
S
sa malamig -cold drinks sold at streetside
sahog -the shrimps, meat, etc. used to flavor vegetables or noodle dish
salabat -ginger tea/brew
saluyot -corchorus olitorius, Jew's mallow
sangke - star anise
sapin-sapin - a rice sweet of blanc-mange consistency, made of several layers, usually of different colors
sarten - (Spanish) frying pan
sayote -sechium edule, chayote, mirliton pear
shawarma - a Middle Eastern snack of sliced meat (beef, lamb, chicken) and condiments served with pita bread
sili - capsicum annuum, chili
sinalok - (Cebuano) a steamed corned cake eaten with kinilaw
sinampalukang manok - chicken cooked with tamarind leaves and sprouts
sinangaggarlic - -fried rice
sinigang - a stew of meat/fish/seafood and vegetables in a sour broth
solasi, sulasi -ocimum sanctum, holy basil
solomillo - (Spanish) tenderloin
sotanghon guisado - mungbean noodles sauteed with meats and vegetables
suam -soups and dishes made of rice water
sugpo -prawn
suman -a rice cake from glutinous rice, often wrapped in palm or banana leaves
T
tabon-tabon -hydrophytune orbiculatum, a fruit, the juice of which is used in kinilaw, and for finishing baskets
taho - a drink made of soybean curd and syrup
tahuri -soy bean cake
talbos - the young sprouts or tendrils of squash, camote or sayote plants
tamales - a rice cake flavored with peanuts, pork, eggs, etc. and wrapped in banana leaves
tanglad -cymbopogon citratus, lemon grass
tapa -slices or strips of dried meat; tapang usa is dried venison
tapey - (Manobo) the yeast for making rice wine
tapoi -(Igorot) the yeast for making rice wine
tapuy -(Igorot) rice wine
tausi, tawsi - salted soybeans
tilapia - tilapia zili, a fast-growing fish
tinapa - smoked fish
tinolang manok - a dish of chicked cooked with vegetable (green papaya, chili leaves) and broth
tinowa - (Cebuano) a dish of fish and vegetables in a lightly soured broth
tocino - (Spanish) salt pork; in Tagalog or Pampango it is sweet cured pork
toge, togue - mung bean sprouts
tokwa - firm soy bean curd, also fried soy bean curd
torta de cangrejo - (Spanish) crabmeat cooked with egg
torta del rey -(Spanish) a cake of many thin layers
tortilla de patatas - (Spanish) potato omelet
tuba -palm toddy
tupig -(Ilocano) a kind of rice cake wrapped in banana leaves
turo-turo - an eatery in which the pre-cooked foods are laid out, and chosen by pointing (turo)
turon -a fried spring roll, either meat, vegetable, or banana; turong saging (deep fried banana fritter) is usually cooked in oil with brown sugar and some jackfruit strips, and a typical snack or dessert in the Philippines
turron - (Spanish) nougat
tuyo -whole fish, dried and salted
U
ubod -the core of the coconut palm; heart of palm
ukoy -a vegetable patty, of mixed vegetables, or of flour and vegetables; a variation is a combination of shrimps, tofu, and vegetable patty
ulam - viand, the main dish that comes with rice
ulang -ustacidae, crayfish; also macrobrachium rosenbergii, giant freshwater prawn
upo -lagenaria leucantha, bottle gourd
W
wansoy - corindrium sativum, coriander leaf
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